DISCLAIMER: FOR RESEARCH USE ONLY. The material provided is "as is", and using TOPOGRAPH is without warranties of any kind, either expressed or implied. The content provided by this resource CANNOT subsitute for clinical judgement or professional oncology advice. Improper use of this resource may lead to harm.
NOTE: The haematology contents of this resource is currently under review and in the process of being updated.
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  • About
  • Therapies
  • Biomarkers
  • Cancer types
  • Biomarker-disease-therapy triplets
  • Therapies
  • Biomarkers
  • Cancer types
  • A
  • Acral melanoma - Common cancer
    MET
  • Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia - Rare cancer
    ABL1, ALK, CD19, CD20, ERBB2, FGFR1, JAK2, XPO1
  • Acute myeloid leukaemia - Rare cancer
    BRAF, CD33, ERBB2, FGFR1, FLT3, IDH1, IDH2, KIT, KRAS, NF1, NRAS, PTPN11, RAD21, SF3B1, SMC3, SRSF2, STAG2, TP53, U2AF1
  • Acute promyelocytic leukaemia - Rare cancer
    XPO1
  • Adenoid cystic carcinoma - Rare cancer
    KIT, MYB, NOTCH1
  • Aggressive fibromatosis - Rare cancer
    APC, CTNNB1
  • Ampullary carcinoma - Rare cancer
    ERBB2
  • Anal cancer - Rare cancer
    HPV genotype
  • Anaplastic astrocytoma - Rare cancer
    IDH1, Mismatch repair, Tumour Mutational Burden
  • Anaplastic ganglioglioma - Rare cancer
    BRAF
  • Anaplastic large cell lymphoma - Rare cancer
    ALK, CD30
  • Anaplastic pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma - Rare cancer
    RAF1
  • Anaplastic thyroid cancer - Rare cancer
    BRAF, MTOR, TSC2
  • Appendiceal cancer - Rare cancer
    KRAS
  • Appendiceal carcinoma - Rare cancer
    KRAS
  • Atypical teratoid rhabdoid tumor - Rare cancer
    SMARCB1
  • B
  • Basal cell carcinoma - Common cancer
    GLI1, GLI2, PTCH1, SMO, SUFU
  • Biliary tract cancer - Rare cancer
    BRAF, CDKN2A, ERBB2
  • Biliary tract cancers - Rare cancer
    BRAF, CD274, ERBB2
  • Bladder cancer - Common cancer
    ERBB2
  • Blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm - Rare cancer
    CD123
  • Breast cancer - Common cancer
    AKT1, AKT3, ALK, AR, AR+ESR1, ARID1A, ATM, BARD1, BCL2, BCL6, BRCA1, BRCA2, CCNE1, CDH1, CDK6, CHEK2, EGFR, ERBB2, ERBB2+ERBB3, ERBB2+ESR1, ERBB3, ESR1, ESR1+ERBB2, ESR1+PIK3CA, FAM175A, FGFR1, FGFR2, Homologous Recombination Deficiency Score, Intrinsic subtype, KAT6A, KRAS+NRAS+BRAF, MAP3K1+PIK3CA, MET, MRE11A, MTOR, NRG1, PALB2, PGR, PIK3CA, PIK3CA+ESR1+ERBB2, PIK3CA+FGFR1, PIK3CA+FGFR2, PTEN, PTEN+ERBB2, RAD50, RAD51C, RB1, Tumour Mutational Burden, XRCC2
  • Breast secretory carcinoma - Common cancer
    NTRK1, NTRK2, NTRK3
  • C
  • Cervical cancer - Uncommon cancer
    CD274, EGFR, ERBB2, ERCC1, FGFR2, FGFR3, HPV genotype, Tumour Mutational Burden
  • Cholangiocarcinoma - Rare cancer
    BAP1, BRAF, CDKN2A, ERBB2, ERRFI1, FGFR2, FGFR3, IDH1, IDH2, KRAS, MDM2+TP53, NRG1
  • Chondrosarcoma - Rare cancer
    IDH1, IDH2
  • Chordoma - Rare cancer
    SMARCB1
  • Chronic eosinophilic leukaemia - Rare cancer
    JAK2, PDGFRA
  • Chronic lymphocytic leukaemia - Rare cancer
    ATM, ATR, BCL2, CD20, TP53
  • Chronic myelogenous leukaemia - Rare cancer
    ABL1, BAP1, LZTR1, NF1, PTPN11, WT1, XPO1
  • Chronic myelomonocytic leukaemia - Rare cancer
    SF3B1, SRSF2
  • Clear cell renal cell carcinoma - Rare cancer
    BAP1
  • Colorectal adenocarcinoma - Common cancer
    ALK, APC, ATM, ATR, B2M, BRAF, BRAF+KRAS, BRAF+MET, CHEK1, Consensus molecular subtype, EGFR, ERBB2, ERBB2+KRAS, ERBB3, FBXW7, FLT3, HRAS, IRS2, IRS2+BRAF, IRS2+KRAS, Immunoscore IC, KRAS, KRAS+ERBB3, KRAS+Microsatellite Instability, KRAS+Mismatch repair, KRAS+NRAS, MAP2K1, MET, MGMT, MLH1, MYB, Microsatellite Instability, Mismatch repair, NRAS, PIK3CA, POLD1, POLE, PTEN, RNF43, RSPO1, TP53+KRAS, Tumour Mutational Burden, Tumour Mutational Burden+Microsatellite, Tumour Mutational Burden+Mismatch repair
  • Colorectal cancer - Common cancer
    FGFR1, KRAS
  • Colorectal neuroendocrine carcinoma - Common cancer
    BRAF
  • Cutaneous T-cell lymphoma - Rare cancer
    CCR4, CD30
  • D
  • Dedifferentiated liposarcoma - Rare cancer
    CALB1, CDK4, MDM2+TP53
  • Dermatofibrosarcoma protuberans - Rare cancer
    PDGFB
  • Diffuse astrocytoma - Rare cancer
    FGFR1
  • Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma - Rare cancer
    H3F3A, PPM1D
  • Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma - Rare cancer
    BCL6, CD19, CD79B, MYD88
  • Diffuse Midline Glioma - Rare cancer
    H3F3A, TP53
  • E
  • Endometrial cancer - Uncommon cancer
    AKT1, BRAF, CCNE1, ERBB2, ESR1, FGFR1, FGFR2, Homologous Recombination Deficiency Score, KRAS, MCL1, Microsatellite Instability, Microsatellite instability+Mismatch repair, Mismatch repair, PGR, PIK3CA, PIK3R1, PTEN, TP53, Tumour Mutational Burden
  • Endometrial carcinoma - Uncommon cancer
    KRAS, MET
  • Endometrioid endometrial cancer - Uncommon cancer
    ERBB2, ESR1, PGR
  • Ependymoma - Rare cancer
    NTRK2
  • Epithelioid haemangioendothelioma - Rare cancer
    CAMTA1, IDH2, WWTR1, YAP1
  • Epithelioid hemangioendothelioma - Rare cancer
    IDH1, IDH2
  • Epithelioid sarcoma - Rare cancer
    SMARCB1
  • Erdheim-Chester disease - Rare cancer
    BRAF
  • Ewing sarcoma - Rare cancer
    FLI1
  • Extramammary Paget’s disease - Rare cancer
    ERBB2
  • F
  • Fallopian tube carcinoma - Uncommon cancer
    BRCA1, BRCA2, Homologous Recombination Deficiency Score, Loss-of-heterozygosity score
  • Follicular lymphoma - Rare cancer
    CD20, EZH2
  • Follicular thyroid cancer - Rare cancer
    BRAF
  • G
  • Gallbladder cancer - Common cancer
    ATM, CDKN2A, ERBB2
  • Gastric cancer - Common cancer
    BRAF, CCND1, CD274, CLDN18, EGFR, ERBB2, ERBB3, FGFR2, FGFR3, HGF, KRAS, MET, Microsatellite Instability, PIK3CA, PTEN, RICTOR, TP53, Tumour Mutational Burden
  • Gastroesophageal junction adenocarcinoma - Common cancer
    CCND1, CD274, CLDN18, EGFR, ERBB2, FGFR2, KRAS, MET, Microsatellite Instability, PIK3CA, PTEN, TP53
  • Gastrointestinal stromal tumour - Rare cancer
    CDKN2A, KIT, NF1+KIT, PDGFRA
  • Glioblastoma - Rare cancer
    ABL1, ATM, BRAF, CDK4, CDKN2A, EGFR, FGFR3, IDH1, IDH2, KIT, MET, MGMT, MSH2, Mismatch repair, NF1, NOTCH2, PMS2, PTEN, Tumour Mutational Burden
  • Glioma - Rare cancer
    AR, BRAF, EGFR, IDH1, IDH2
  • Gliomas - Rare cancer
    BRAF
  • Glioneuronal tumour - Rare cancer
    BRAF
  • Granulosa cell tumour - Rare cancer
    PGR
  • H
  • H3K27M-mutant glioma - Rare cancer
    H3F3A
  • Hairy cell leukaemia - Rare cancer
    BRAF
  • Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma - Rare cancer
    BRCA1, CD274, EGFR, ERBB4, FANCC, HPV genotype, HRAS, Human Papillomavirus Status, MAPK1, MET
  • Hemangioblastoma - Rare cancer
    VHL
  • Hepatocellular carcinoma - Rare cancer
    FGF19, FGFR4
  • High-grade glioma - Rare cancer
    BRAF
  • High-grade gliomas - Rare cancer
    ALK, BRAF, H3F3A, IDH1, KRAS, Mismatch repair, NF1, Tumour Mutational Burden
  • Histiocytic sarcoma - Rare cancer
    MET
  • Histiocytosis - Rare cancer
    ALK, ARAF, BRAF, KRAS, MAP2K1, MAP2K2, NRAS, PTPN11, RAF1
  • Hodgkin’s lymphoma - Rare cancer
    CD20, CD30
  • HPV16-positive cancers - Rare cancer
    HPV genotype
  • I
  • Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumour - Rare cancer
    ALK
  • Intimal sarcoma - Rare cancer
    PDGFRA
  • L
  • Langerhans cell histiocytosis - Rare cancer
    BRAF
  • Langerhans cell sarcoma - Rare cancer
    RASA1
  • Liposarcoma - Rare cancer
    FRS2, MDM2
  • Liquid cancers - Rare cancer
    BCL2, IDH2, JAK1, JAK2, MYC, MYCN, SF3B1, SLC1A5, TP53
  • Low-grade glioma - Rare cancer
    BRAF, CDKN2A, EGFR, IDH2
  • Low-grade gliomas - Rare cancer
    BRAF, IDH1, IDH2, NF1, RAF1
  • Low-grade serous ovarian cancer - Uncommon cancer
    BRAF, KRAS, MAP2K1
  • Low-grade serous ovarian carcinoma - Uncommon cancer
    PGR
  • Low-grade spindle cell neoplasm - Rare cancer
    BRAF, CDKN2A
  • Lung adenocarcinoma - Common cancer
    BRAF, ERBB2, RET
  • Lung squamous cell carcinoma - Common cancer
    ATM, ATR, BRCA1, BRCA2, CCND1, CCND2, CCND3, CDK4, CDK6, CHEK1, ERBB2, FANCC, FANCM, FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, MET, NRG1, PALB2, PIK3CA, TP63
  • M
  • Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor - Rare cancer
    NF1, NF1+MET, NF1+SUZ12
  • Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour - Rare cancer
    CD274
  • Malignant rhabdoid tumor - Rare cancer
    SMARCA4
  • Mammary analogue secretory carcinoma - Rare cancer
    NTRK1, NTRK2, NTRK3
  • Mantle cell lymphoma - Rare cancer
    CD20
  • Marginal zone lymphoma - Rare cancer
    CD20
  • Mastocytosis - Rare cancer
    KIT, PDGFRA
  • Medullary thyroid cancer - Rare cancer
    BRAF, RET
  • Medulloblastoma - Rare cancer
    NTRK3, PTCH1, SMO
  • Melanoma - Common cancer
    ARID2, B2M, BRAF, BRCA2, BRD7, ERBB4, FBXW7, HLA-A+PMEL, HLA-A2, JAK1, JAK2, KIT, MAP2K1, MAP2K1+BRAF, MAP2K2, MAPK1, MAPK3, NF1, NRAS, PBRM1, RAF1
  • Meningioma - Rare cancer
    NF2
  • Merkel cell carcinoma - Rare cancer
    TP53
  • Mesothelioma - Rare cancer
    BAP1, CDKN2A, ERCC1, MRE11A, MSLN, NF2
  • Metaplastic breast carcinoma - Common cancer
    PIK3CA
  • Multiple myeloma - Rare cancer
    BRAF, CD38, KDM6A, SLAMF7, TNFRSF17
  • Mycosis fungoides - Rare cancer
    CCR4
  • Myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative diseases - Rare cancer
    FGFR1, PDGFRA, PDGFRB
  • Myelodysplastic syndrome - Rare cancer
    IDH2, RAD21, SF3B1, SMC3, STAG2, TP53
  • Myelofibrosis - Rare cancer
    JAK2
  • Myeloproliferative diseases - Rare cancer
    FGFR1
  • N
  • Neuroblastoma - Rare cancer
    ALK, ATRX, MYC, MYCN, NRAS
  • Neuroendocrine carcinoma - Rare cancer
    BRAF
  • Neuroendocrine tumour - Rare cancer
    SSTR2, Tumour Mutational Burden
  • Non-clear cell renal cell carcinoma - Rare cancer
    SETD2
  • Non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma - Common cancer
    CD20, EZH2
  • Nonseminoma - Rare cancer
    Chromosome
  • Non-small cell lung cancer - Common cancer
    ALK, ARAF, ATM, BCL2L11, BRAF, BRAF+EGFR, BRAF+KRAS, BRAF+MAP2K1, BRAF+NRAS, BRAF+PTEN, BRCA1, BRCA2, CD274, CD274+EGFR+ALK, CDKN2A, CEACAM5, DNMT3A, EGFR, EGFR+ALK, EGFR+BRAF, EGFR+CD274, EGFR+EGFR, EGFR+ERBB2, EGFR+MET, EGFR+RB1, EGFR+RBM10, EGFR+RET, EGFR+ROS1, EGFR+TP53, ERBB2, ERBB3, ERBB4, FANCD2, FBXW7, FGFR2, FGFR3, KEAP1, KEAP1+KRAS, KRAS, KRAS+ERBB3, KRAS+MET, KRAS+NRAS+BRAF, KRAS+STK11, Loss-of-heterozygosity score, MAP2K1, MET, MET+TP53, MRAS, NF1, NOTCH3, NRAS, NRG1, PIK3CA, RASA1, RB1, RBM10, RET, ROS1, ROS1+MET, SMARCA4, STK11, STK11+KRAS, Tumour Mutational Burden
  • NUT carcinoma - Rare cancer
    BRD3, BRD4, NUTM1
  • O
  • Oesophageal adenocarcinoma - Uncommon cancer
    CD274, ERBB2, FGFR2, KRAS, MET
  • Oesophageal cancer - Uncommon cancer
    CD274
  • Oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma - Uncommon cancer
    CD274, NTRK1
  • Osteosarcoma - Rare cancer
    Mutational signature
  • Ovarian cancer - Uncommon cancer
    ARID1A, ATM, BRAF, BRCA1, BRCA2, CCNE1, CD274, CDH6, CDK12, EMSY, ERBB2, ERCC1, FGFR2, FOLR1, Homologous Recombination Deficiency Score, KRAS, KRAS+NRAS+BRAF, Loss-of-heterozygosity score, NRG1, RAD50, RAD51C, ROS1, SETD2
  • Ovarian clear cell carcinoma - Uncommon cancer
    ARID1A
  • Ovarian mucinous carcinoma - Uncommon cancer
    ERBB2
  • Ovarian small cell carcinoma - Uncommon cancer
    SMARCA2, SMARCA2+SMARCA4, SMARCA4
  • P
  • Paediatric low grade gliomas - Rare cancer
    NF1
  • Pancreatic acinar cell carcinoma - Rare cancer
    KRAS, RAF1
  • Pancreatic adenocarcinoma - Uncommon cancer
    ARID1A, ARID1B, ATM, BRAF, BRCA1, BRCA2, CDKN2A, EGFR, ERBB2, FANCD2, FANCG, FGFR2, KDM6A, KRAS, MDM2+TP53, Mismatch repair, NOTCH3, NRG1, NTRK1, PALB2, PBRM1, PTEN, RAD51C, RNF43, ROS1, SMARCA4, SMARCB1, STK11
  • Pancreatic neuroendocrine tumour - Rare cancer
    MGMT, SSTR2, VHL
  • Papillary craniopharyngioma - Rare cancer
    BRAF
  • Papillary renal cell carcinoma - Rare cancer
    FH, HGF, MET, NF2
  • Papillary thyroid cancer - Rare cancer
    BRAF, ROS1
  • Paraganglioma - Rare cancer
    EPAS1, RET, SDHA, SDHB
  • Penile cancer - Rare cancer
    EGFR
  • Peritoneal serous carcinoma - Uncommon cancer
    BRCA1, BRCA2, Homologous Recombination Deficiency Score, Loss-of-heterozygosity score
  • Perivascular epithelioid cell tumour - Rare cancer
    TSC1, TSC2
  • Phaeochromocytoma - Rare cancer
    RET, SDHA, SDHB
  • Pilocytic astrocytoma - Rare cancer
    RAF1
  • Pituitary adenoma - Rare cancer
    STK11
  • Polycythemia vera - Rare cancer
    EPAS1, JAK2
  • Prostate cancer - Common cancer
    AR, ATM, AURKA, BARD1, BRCA1, BRCA2, BRIP1, CD276, CDK12, CHEK1, CHEK2, ERBB3, FANCA, FANCG, FANCI, FANCL, FGFR2, MYCN, NBN, PALB2, PIK3R1, PPP2R2A, PSMA, PTEN, RAD51B, RAD51D, RAD54L, RB1, TP53, TP53+RB1
  • Prostate small cell carcinoma - Common cancer
    ALK
  • R
  • Renal cell carcinoma - Uncommon cancer
    ALK, CDH6, FLCN, MTOR, PBRM1, PTEN, TSC1, TSC2, VHL
  • Rhabdoid tumors - Rare cancer
    SMARCB1
  • Rhabdomyosarcoma - Rare cancer
    CDK4, KRAS, NRAS
  • S
  • Salivary gland cancers - Rare cancer
    AR, BRAF, ERBB2, HRAS, Tumour Mutational Burden
  • Sarcoma - Rare cancer
    BRAF, NF2, PDGFRA
  • Sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma - Rare cancer
    NF2
  • Seminoma - Rare cancer
    Chromosome
  • Small-cell lung cancer - Common cancer
    BCL2, CHEK1, IRS2, MET, MYCL, Tumour Mutational Burden
  • Small intestine adenocarcinoma - Rare cancer
    BRAF
  • SMARCA4-deficient thoracic sarcoma - Rare cancer
    SMARCA4
  • Soft tissue sarcomas - Rare cancer
    PDGFRA
  • Solid tumour - Rare cancer
    ATM, BRAF, CCND1, CCND2, CCND3, CDKN2A, EGFR, GNA11, GNAQ, KRAS, NF1, ROS1, TP53
  • Solid tumours - Rare cancer
    AKT1, AKT2, AKT3, ALK, AR, ARAF, ARID1A, ARID2, ATM, ATM+TP53, ATRX, BAP1, BARD1, BCL2, BCL2L1, BRAF, BRCA1, BRCA2, BRD2, BRD3, BRD4, BRDT, CCND1, CCND2, CCND3, CCNE1, CD274, CD276, CDK12, CDK4, CDK6, CDKN2A, CDKN2A+MTAP, CEACAM5, CHEK1, CLDN18, CSF1R, EGFR, EGFR+ERRFI1, EPHA7, ERBB2, ERBB2+KRAS, ERBB3, EZH2, FANCA, FANCM, FAT1, FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, FGFR4, FOLR1, GNA11, GNAQ, HLA-A, HRAS, IDH1, IDH2, KIT, KRAS, LRP1B, MAP2K1, MAP2K4, MAP3K1, MCL1, MDM2, MET, MET+KRAS, MGMT, MLH1, MSH2, MSH6, MSLN, MTAP, MTORC1, MYB, MYC, MYCN, MYD88, Microsatellite Instability, Mismatch repair, NECTIN4, NF1, NF2, NOTCH1, NOTCH2, NRAS, NRG1, NTRK1, NTRK2, NTRK3, PBRM1, PDCD1LG2, PIK3CA, PIK3R1, PMS2, POLD1, POLE, PRKCA, PRKCB, PRKDC, PTCH1, PTEN, PTPN11, RAC1, RAD51C, RAD51D, RAF1, RB1, RET, RIT1, RNF43, ROS1, SF3B1, SLC1A5, SLX4, SMARCA4, SMARCB1, SMO, STK11, SUZ12, TACSTD2, TP53, TSC1, TSC2, Tumour Mutational Burden
  • Somatostatinoma - Rare cancer
    EPAS1
  • Spindle cell sarcoma - Rare cancer
    RAF1
  • Subependymal giant cell astrocytoma - Rare cancer
    TSC1, TSC2
  • Sézary syndrome - Rare cancer
    CCR4
  • T
  • T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia - Rare cancer
    ABL1
  • Tenosynovial giant cell tumor - Rare cancer
    CSF1
  • Thymic carcinoma - Rare cancer
    CD274, KIT, PBRM1
  • Thymic neuroendocrine carcinoma - Rare cancer
    KIT
  • Thymoma - Rare cancer
    PBRM1
  • Thyroid cancer - Rare cancer
    EIF1AX, EIF1AX+NRAS, RET, Tumour Mutational Burden
  • Triple-negative breast cancer - Common cancer
    AKT1, AR, ATM, BRAF, BRCA1, BRCA1+BRCA2, BRCA2, CCNE1, CD274, CDK12, CDKN2A, DAXX, EGFR, ERBB2, ESR1+ERBB2, MET, Molecular subtype, PIK3CA, PTEN, RAD51, RB1, TACSTD2, Tumour microenvironment
  • Type 1 neurofibromatosis - Rare cancer
    NF1
  • U
  • Urothelial carcinoma - Common cancer
    ARID1A, ATM, BARD1, BRCA1, BRCA2, BRIP1, CD274, CDK12, CDKN2A, CXCL13, ERBB2, ERBB3, ERCC2, FGFR1, FGFR2, FGFR3, HRAS, KMT2C, MTOR, NECTIN4, NF2, NOTCH2, RAD51C, TSC1
  • Uterine carcinosarcoma - Rare cancer
    ERBB2, POLE
  • Uterine leiomyosarcoma - Rare cancer
    BRCA2+PTEN
  • Uterine serous carcinoma - Rare cancer
    BRIP1, ERBB2, Homologous Recombination Deficiency Score, TP53
  • Uveal melanoma - Common cancer
    BAP1, GNA11, GNAQ, HLA-A+PMEL, HLA-A2
  • V
  • Vaginal cancer - Rare cancer
    HPV genotype
  • Vulvar cancer - Rare cancer
    HPV genotype, Tumour Mutational Burden
  • W
  • Waldenstroms macroglobulinaemia - Rare cancer
    CD20, CXCR4, MYD88
  • Well-differentiated liposarcoma - Rare cancer
    CDK4, MDM2+TP53